Human intelligence emerged through the process of natural selection and evolution on Earth. We investigate what it would take to re-create this process in silico . While past work has often focused on low-level processes (such as simulating physics or chemistry), we instead take a more targeted approach, aiming to evolve agents that can accumulate open-ended culture and technologies across generations. Towards this, we present JaxLife: an artificial life simulator in which embodied agents, parameterized by deep neural networks, must learn to survive in an expressive world containing programmable systems. First, we describe the environment and show that it can facilitate meaningful turing-complete computation. We then analyze the evolved emergent agents’ behavior, such as rudimentary communication protocols, agriculture, and tool-use. Finally, we investigate how complexity scales with the amount of compute used. We believe JaxLife takes a step towards studying evolved behavior in more open-ended simulations. 1